Estimation of population

Transect

This records the distribution of plants along a line and is useful for showing changes in the vegetation of places like hillside, a pond etc

Procedure.

Get a long measuring tape or length of string marked at convenient intervals using a marker pen. This is laid along the selected line and every plant which touches it is recorded. Plants that do not actually touch it are ignored. The string is attached to 2m rule held apart.

Comments

problem of plant living in fresh water habitat

Buoyancy The density of fresh water is considerably less than that of the sea and such floatation is a greater problem for fresh water plankton. There is occasional flooding which submerges the plants. The water lilies, water lettuce, water hyacinth are able to stay afloat because of the air spaces in the lower part of the leaves as well as in the skins and roots.

Processing of animal products

Alot of products are derived from livestock, both edible and inedible, for this discourse, we look at the edible products. The edible products include, milk, meat eggs. Milk processing Milk is the lacteal secretion from the mammary gland of females livestock. Although in modern days, milk can also be gotten from plants eg soybean milk, coconut milk. The milk from animals from cow, goat, buffallo etc. The milk is a very good vehicle for transmission of pathogens so milk handlers should exercise the utmost level of personal hygiene, the milk processing area should be sanitized. The milk handlers must be free from gastro-intestinal infections, no coughing, sneezing, diarrhoea etc. Note that the dairy animals are kept in hygienic condition, sick or animals receiving treatment should not be milk. The udders should be washed prior to milking in order to reduce the risk of contamination of the milk. Once milk is collected from the animals through a milking machine, the tempe

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